| dad | | |
| n. (person) | 1. dad, dada, daddy, pa, papa, pappa, pop | an informal term for a father; probably derived from baby talk. |
| ~ begetter, father, male parent | a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father).; "his father was born in Atlanta" |
| daddy | | |
| papa | | |
| pope | | |
| n. (person) | 1. bishop of rome, catholic pope, holy father, pontiff, pope, roman catholic pope, vicar of christ | the head of the Roman Catholic Church. |
| ~ papacy, pontificate | the government of the Roman Catholic Church. |
| ~ spiritual leader | a leader in religious or sacred affairs. |
| ~ catholic | a member of a Catholic church. |
| ~ antipope | someone who is elected pope in opposition to another person who is held to be canonically elected.; "the antipopes resided in Avignon during the Great Schism" |
| ~ alexander vi, pope alexander vi, rodrigo borgia, borgia | Pope and father of Cesare Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia (1431-1503). |
| ~ benedict xiv, prospero lambertini | pope who was a patron of the arts and who denounced the cruelty to the indigenous peoples of South America (1675-1758). |
| ~ benedict xv, giacomo della chiesa | pope who founded the Vatican service for prisoners of war during World War I (1854-1922). |
| ~ benedetto caetani, boniface viii | pope who declared that Catholic princes are subject to the pope in temporal as well as in theological matters (1235-1303). |
| ~ calixtus ii, guy of burgundy | pope who in 1122 forced the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V to sign a concordat that recognized the right of the church to choose its own leadership (died in 1124). |
| ~ alfonso borgia, borgia, calixtus iii | Italian pope whose nepotism put the Borgia family in power in Italy (1378-1458). |
| ~ clement vii, giulio de' medici | Italian pope from 1523 to 1534 who broke with Henry VIII of England after Henry VIII divorced Catherine of Aragon and married Anne Boleyn (1478-1534). |
| ~ clement xi, giovanni francesco albani | Italian pope from 1700 to 1721 who condemned Jansenist ideas on papal infallibility. |
| ~ clement xiv, lorenzo ganganelli | Italian pope from 1769 to 1774 who lost whatever support remained of Catholic Europe, causing the church to fall into the hands of secular princes (1705-1774). |
| ~ gregory i, gregory the great, saint gregory i, st. gregory i, gregory | (Roman Catholic Church) an Italian pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604). |
| ~ gregory vii, hildebrand, gregory | the Italian pope who fought to establish the supremacy of the pope over the Roman Catholic Church and the supremacy of the church over the state (1020-1085). |
| ~ angelo correr, gregory xii, gregory | the Italian pope from 1406 to 1415 who worked to end the Great Schism and who retired to make it possible (1327-1417). |
| ~ gregory xiii, ugo buoncompagni, gregory | the pope who sponsored the introduction of the modern calendar (1572-1585). |
| ~ bartolomeo alberto capillari, gregory xvi, gregory | Italian pope from 1831 to 1846; conservative in politics and theology; worked to propagate Catholicism in England and the United States (1765-1846). |
| ~ innocent iii, lotario di segni | Italian pope from 1198 to 1216 who instituted the Fourth Crusade and under whom papal intervention in European politics reached its height (1161-1216). |
| ~ giovanni battista cibo, innocent viii | Italian pope from 1484 to 1492 who was known as a nepotist and was attacked by Savonarola for his worldliness (1432-1492). |
| ~ benedetto odescalchi, innocent xi | Italian pope from 1676 to 1689 whose papacy was marked by the struggle with Louis XIV of France over papal authority over French Catholics; known for saintliness and canonized in 1956 (1611-1689). |
| ~ antonio pignatelli, innocent xii | Italian pope from 1691 to 1700 who abolished nepotism within the church hierarchy and was universally loved for his charity and piety. |
| ~ angelo guiseppe roncalli, john xxiii | Italian pope from 1958 to 1963 who convoked the Second Vatican Council (1881-1963). |
| ~ albino luciano, john paul i | the first Pope to assume a double name; he reigned for only 34 days (1912-1978). |
| ~ john paul ii, karol wojtyla | the first Pope born in Poland; the first Pope not born in Italy in 450 years (1920-2005). |
| ~ leo i, leo the great, st. leo i | Italian pope from 440 to 461 who extended the authority of the papacy to the west and persuaded Attila not to attack Rome (440-461). |
| ~ leo iii | Italian pope from 795 to 816 who in 800 crowned Charlemagne emperor of the Romans (750-816). |
| ~ bruno, bruno of toul, leo ix | German pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054). |
| ~ giovanni de'medici, leo x | son of Lorenzo de'Medici and pope from 1513 to 1521 who excommunicated Martin Luther and who in 1521 bestowed on Henry VIII the title of Defender of the Faith (1475-1521). |
| ~ gioacchino pecci, giovanni vincenzo pecci, leo xiii | Italian pope from 1878 to 1903 who was interested in the advancement of learning and who opened the Vatican secret archives to all scholars. |
| ~ martin v, oddone colonna | Italian pope from 1417 to 1431 whose election as pope ended the Great Schism (1368-1431). |
| ~ nicholas v, tomasso parentucelli | Italian pope from 1447 to 1455 who founded the Vatican library (1397-1455). |
| ~ alessandro farnese, paul iii | Italian pope from 1534 to 1549 who excommunicated Henry VIII of England in 1538 and initiated the Council of Trent in 1545; was active in the Counter Reformation and promoted the Society of Jesus for this purpose (1468-1549). |
| ~ giovanni battista montini, paul vi | Italian pope from 1963 to 1978 who eased restrictions on fasting and on interfaith marriages (1897-1978). |
| ~ aeneas silvius, enea silvio piccolomini, pius ii | Italian pope from 1458 to 1464 who is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt to lead a crusade against the Turks (1405-1464). |
| ~ antonio ghislieri, pius v | Italian pope from 1566 to 1572 who led the reformation of the Roman Catholic Church; he excommunicated Elizabeth I (1504-1572). |
| ~ giannangelo braschi, giovanni angelo braschi, pius vi | Italian pope from 1775 to 1799 who served during the French Revolution; Napoleon attacked the Papal States and in 1797 Pius VI was taken to France where he died (1717-1799). |
| ~ barnaba chiaramonti, luigi barnaba gregorio chiaramonti, pius vii | Italian pope from 1800 to 1823 who was humiliated by Napoleon and taken prisoner in 1809; he concluded a concordat with Napoleon and crowned him emperor of France; he returned to Rome in 1814 (1740-1823). |
| ~ giovanni maria mastai-ferretti, giovanni mastai-ferretti, pius ix | Italian pope from 1846 to 1878 who in 1854 declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary. |
| ~ giuseppe melchiorre sarto, giuseppe sarto, pius x | pope who condemned religious modernism; he was canonized in 1954 because of his interest in the poor (1835-1914). |
| ~ achille ratti, ambrogio damiano achille ratti, pius xi | pope who signed a treaty with Mussolini recognizing the Vatican City as an independent state (1857-1939). |
| ~ eugenio pacelli, pius xii | pope who maintained neutrality during World War II and was later criticized for not aiding the Jews who were persecuted by Hitler (1876-1958). |
| ~ francesco della rovere, sixtus iv | Italian pope from 1471 to 1484 who consented to the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition and built the Sistine Chapel (1414-1484). |
| ~ gerbert, sylvester ii | French pope from 999 to 1003 who was noted for his great learning (945-1003). |
| ~ odo, odo of lagery, otho, otho of lagery, urban ii | French pope from 1088 to 1099 whose sermons called for the First Crusade (1042-1099). |
| ~ guillaume de grimoard, urban v | French pope from 1362 to 1370 who tried to reestablish the papacy in Rome but in 1367 returned to Avignon hoping to end the war between France and England; canonized in 1870 (1310-1370). |
| ~ bartolomeo prignano, urban vi | Italian pope from 1378 to 1389 whose contested election began the Great Schism; he alienated his political allies by his ruthless treatment of his opponents (1318-1389). |
| ~ maffeo barberini, urban viii | Italian pope from 1623 to 1644 who sanctioned the condemnation of Galileo but later freed him (1568-1644). |
| n. (person) | 2. alexander pope, pope | English poet and satirist (1688-1744). |
| ~ poet | a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry). |
| papa | | |
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